每天一个编程小项目，提升你的编程能力！ 这个是用C 语法和链表知识实现的哦！

游戏说明

这是一个传统的贪吃蛇游戏，基于链表实现

按键说明

方向控制：↑↓←→ 或者 Q(逆时针)，R(顺时针)

速度：按下 space 加速，‘[’ 减速，‘]’ 加速

食物：小键盘 增加食物，小键盘 – 减少食物

其他：非小键盘数字键 9、0 可以调整帧率，小键盘 * 可以切换贪吃蛇模式，F1 帮助，F11 截屏

状态栏说明

生命状态：贪吃蛇是否存活，由于没有设置死亡，所以只有存活和濒死两种状态

等级：每次 10 个食物升一级

分数：每个食物 10 分

速度：默认速度 0 ，可以调节，最快 10，最慢 -10

长度：贪吃蛇的节数（包括头）

食物数量：界面中的食物个数，最大 99 ，可以手动调整

蛇体模式：贪吃蛇的模式，分为正常、穿墙和无敌（穿墙的基础上可以穿过自己）

效果展示

简单了解游戏后我们就来试试吧！（直接上源码，大家可以看注释）

GluSnake.h

#include <iostream>#include <graphics.h>//using namespace std;#include <ctime>#include <conio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <thread> #include <chrono> #include "mmsystem.h"#pragma comment(lib,"winmm.lib")namespace gSnake{ enum class position { right, down, left, up }; enum class Snake_condition { survive, die, ate };};using namespace gSnake;//画布#define Map_wide 800#define Map_height 600//单个绘制单元#define Segment_wide 10#define Segment_height 10#define Segment_sum 100//有效坐标地图#define PatternElement_wide 80#define PatternElement_height 60#define PatternElement_sum (80 * 60)struct Point //坐标点{ int x; int y;};/** 名称：蛇体* 数据结构：双向链表* 作用：用于存储蛇身体坐标信息*/class SnakeBody { struct _SnakeBody_Link //蛇身数据类型 { Point bodyCoord; //身体坐标 _SnakeBody_Link* next = NULL; //指向下一节蛇身 _SnakeBody_Link* last = NULL; //指向上一节蛇身 }; struct SnakeBody_inf //蛇体信息 { _SnakeBody_Link* head = NULL; _SnakeBody_Link* end = NULL; int len = 0; }; //Point SnakeSiteBuff[PatternElement_sum];public: COLORREF SnakeColor[80 * 60]; int colorcur = Snake_Body.len;public: //创建蛇体并传入蛇头信息 bool Creat_SnakeBody(Point site); //从头添加一节蛇体 bool Add_SnakeBody(Point site); //从尾部删除一节蛇体 bool Del_SnakeBody(); //销毁整个蛇体 void destroy_SnakeBody(); //找到某节蛇体 Point Find_SnakeBody(int len); ~SnakeBody(){ destroy_SnakeBody(); }public: SnakeBody_inf Snake_Body; //创建蛇体信息};struct Food{ Point fdxy; // 坐标 COLORREF color = RED; // 食物颜色};/** 食物* 虚继承 蛇体* 同时具有蛇体数据和食物数据*/class SnakeFood :virtual public SnakeBody{public: void Food_init(); int Supple_Food();public: Food food[100] = { 0 }; int foodSum = 1;};class music{public: void playmusicEat(int cmd) { switch (cmd) { case 0: PlaySound(MAKEINTRESOURCE(102), NULL, SND_ASYNC | SND_NODEFAULT | SND_RESOURCE); break; case 1: PlaySound(MAKEINTRESOURCE(101), NULL, SND_ASYNC | SND_NODEFAULT | SND_RESOURCE); break; } } void playmusicHit(int cmd) { switch (cmd) { case 0: PlaySound(MAKEINTRESOURCE(103), NULL, SND_ASYNC | SND_NODEFAULT | SND_RESOURCE); break; } }};/** 对象一条蛇* 虚继承 食物，音效* 具有蛇体数据，食物数据，蛇动作及状态*/class Snake : virtual public SnakeFood, virtual public music{public: void Snake_Init() { Creat_SnakeBody({ 6, 29 }); Add_SnakeBody({ 7,29 }); Add_SnakeBody({ 8,29 }); Food_init(); Supple_Food(); } Snake_condition Smove(int mode) // 移动 { Point head; Sveer(); head = Find_SnakeBody(0); switch (move_direction) { case position::right: { if (head.x 1 >= PatternElement_wide) { if (mode == 0)return SnakeCondition = Snake_condition::die; else head.x = 0; } else head.x ; }break; case position::down: { if (head.y 1 >= PatternElement_height) { if (mode == 0)return SnakeCondition = Snake_condition::die; else head.y = 0; } else head.y ; }break; case position::left: { if (head.x - 1 < 0) { if (mode == 0)return SnakeCondition = Snake_condition::die; else head.x = PatternElement_wide - 1; } else head.x--; }break; case position::up: { if (head.y - 1 < 0) { if (mode == 0)return SnakeCondition = Snake_condition::die; else head.y = PatternElement_height - 1; } else head.y--; }break; default:break; } if (mode != 2) for (int i = 0; i < Snake_Body.len; i ) if (head.x == Find_SnakeBody(i).x)if (head.y == Find_SnakeBody(i).y) { return SnakeCondition = Snake_condition::die; } //移动一格 Add_SnakeBody(head); //添加一节 for (int i = 0; i < foodSum; i )if (head.x == food[i].fdxy.x && head.y == food[i].fdxy.y) { if (score / 10 % 10 == 9)playmusicEat(0); else playmusicEat(1); food[i] = { 0xff,0xff }; return Snake_condition::ate; } //无操作 Del_SnakeBody(); //删除一节 len = Snake_Body.len; refreshSnakeinf(); return SnakeCondition = Snake_condition::survive; } void refreshSnakeinf() { len = Snake_Body.len; score = 10 * (len - 3); grade = (len - 3) / 10; } int Sveer() { int state = (int)move_direction - target_direction; if ((state == 2) || (state == -2))return 1; else move_direction = (position)target_direction; return 0; }public: int target_direction = 10; Snake_condition SnakeCondition = Snake_condition::survive; // 状态 int len = 0; //长度 // position target_direction = position::right; //朝向 int Speed = 0; //速度 int score = 0; //分数 int grade = 0; //等级 int snakeBodyMod = 0;private: position move_direction = position::right; //朝向};/** 按键交互* 虚继承 蛇* 具有蛇体数据，食物数据，蛇动作及状态，控制器*/class Key :virtual public Snake{ int remem = 0;#define KEY_DOWN(VK_NONAME) (((GetAsyncKeyState(VK_NONAME)) ) ? 1:0)public: static const int keySum = 15; //指令数 struct _KEY { int reset = 0; short keyState = 0; }; _KEY key[keySum]; int help_sign = 0; int max_fps = 120; int keyDown() { key[0].keyState = KEY_DOWN(VK_RIGHT); key[1].keyState = KEY_DOWN(VK_DOWN); key[2].keyState = KEY_DOWN(VK_LEFT); key[3].keyState = KEY_DOWN(VK_UP); key[4].keyState = KEY_DOWN(0x51);//q key[5].keyState = KEY_DOWN(0x45);//e key[6].keyState = KEY_DOWN(0x6B);// key[7].keyState = KEY_DOWN(0x6D);//- key[8].keyState = KEY_DOWN(0x6A);//* key[9].keyState = KEY_DOWN(0xDB);//[ key[10].keyState = KEY_DOWN(0xDD);//] key[11].keyState = KEY_DOWN(0x20);//space key[12].keyState = KEY_DOWN(0x70);//F11 key[13].keyState = KEY_DOWN(0x30);//) key[14].keyState = KEY_DOWN(0x39);//( for (int i = 0; i < keySum; i ) { if (i < 4) { if (key[i].keyState == 0)key[i].reset = 1; else if (key[i].reset == 1) { target_direction = i; key[i].reset = 0; } } if (i == 4) { if (key[i].keyState == 0)key[i].reset = 1; else { if (key[i].reset == 1) { if ((int)target_direction > 0)target_direction = ((int)target_direction - 1); else target_direction = 3; key[i].reset = 0; } } } if (i == 5) { if (key[i].keyState == 0)key[i].reset = 1; else { if (key[i].reset == 1) { if ((int)target_direction < 3)target_direction = ((int)target_direction 1); else target_direction = 0; key[i].reset = 0; } } } if (i == 6) { if (key[i].keyState == 0)key[i].reset = 1; else { if (key[i].reset == 1) { if ((int)foodSum < 99)foodSum = ((int)foodSum 1); else foodSum = 0; key[i].reset = 0; } } } if (i == 7) { if (key[i].keyState == 0)key[i].reset = 1; else { if (key[i].reset == 1) { if ((int)foodSum > 0)foodSum = ((int)foodSum - 1); else foodSum = 99; key[i].reset = 0; } } } if (i == 8) { if (key[i].keyState == 0)key[i].reset = 1; else { if (key[i].reset == 1) { if ((int)snakeBodyMod < 2)snakeBodyMod = ((int)snakeBodyMod 1); else snakeBodyMod = 0; key[i].reset = 0; } } } if (i == 9) { if (key[i].keyState == 0)key[i].reset = 1; else { if (key[i].reset == 1) { if ((int)Speed < 10)Speed = ((int)Speed 1); else Speed = 0; key[i].reset = 0; } } } if (i == 10) { if (key[i].keyState == 0)key[i].reset = 1; else { if (key[i].reset == 1) { if ((int)Speed > -10)Speed = ((int)Speed - 1); else Speed = 0; key[i].reset = 0; } } } if (i == 11) { if (key[i].keyState == 0) { if (key[i].reset == 0) Speed = remem; key[i].reset = 1; } else { if (key[i].reset == 1) { remem = Speed; Speed = 10; key[i].reset = 0; } } } if (i == 12) { if (key[i].keyState == 0) { help_sign = 0; } else { help_sign = 1; } } if (i == 13) { if (key[i].keyState == 0) { //if (key[i].reset == 0); key[i].reset = 1; } else { if (key[i].reset == 1) { if (max_fps < 500)max_fps ; else max_fps = 10; key[i].reset = 0; } } } if (i == 14) { if (key[i].keyState == 0) { if (key[i].reset == 0) Speed = remem; key[i].reset = 1; } else { if (key[i].reset == 1) { if (max_fps > 10)max_fps--; else max_fps = 500; key[i].reset = 0; } } } } return 0; }};/** 帧检测* 通过GetTickCount()的调用时间差*/class FPS{public: int Get_Fps() { DWORD _TimeMs = GetTickCount(); if (_TimeMs - timePoint > 1000) { fps = count; timePoint = _TimeMs; count = 0; } else { count ; } return fps; } int fps = 0; int count = 0; DWORD timePoint = GetTickCount();};/** 图像内容绘制* 虚继承 按键交互* 具有蛇体数据，食物数据，蛇动作及状态，控制器，图像内容绘制*/class Draw : virtual public Key, virtual public FPS{public: void drawSnake(); void drawFood(int kep); wchar_t* trstring2wchar(char* str) { int mystringsize = (int)(strlen(str) 1); WCHAR* wchart = new wchar_t[mystringsize]; MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, str, -1, wchart, mystringsize); return wchart; } WCHAR* numtostr(int num, WCHAR* wbuf) { //WCHAR* buf = new wchar_t[100]; char buf[100]; _itoa_s(num, buf, 50, 10); int mystringsize = (int)(strlen(buf) 1); MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, buf, -1, wbuf, mystringsize); return wbuf; }#define _Site(x) (x*16) void help(int x, int y) { int hang = 0; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("按键说明：----------------------------------")); hang ; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("--方向控制：↑↓←→ 或者 Q(逆时针)，R(顺时针)-")); hang ; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("--速度：按下space加速，‘[’ 减速，‘]’加速 -")); hang ; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("--食物：小键盘 增加食物，小键盘- 减少食物 -")); hang ; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("--其他要素请自行探索! -")); hang ; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("--------------------------------------------")); hang ; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("[Version: 1.0 -----by RorySpt in 2020/7/28]")); } void drawtext(Point site) { int x = site.x; int y = site.y; int hang = 0; WCHAR buf[100] = { 0 }; //outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("贪吃蛇：Snake0")); hang = 0; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("生命状态：")); if (SnakeCondition == Snake_condition::survive) outtextxy(_Site(x 5), _Site(y hang), _T("存活")); if (SnakeCondition == Snake_condition::die) outtextxy(_Site(x 5), _Site(y hang), _T("濒死")); if (SnakeCondition == Snake_condition::ate) outtextxy(_Site(x 5), _Site(y hang), _T("吃了")); hang ; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("等级：")); outtextxy(_Site(x 3), _Site(y hang), numtostr(grade, buf)); hang ; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("分数：")); outtextxy(_Site(x 3), _Site(y hang), numtostr(score, buf)); hang ; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("速度：")); outtextxy(_Site(x 3), _Site(y hang), numtostr(Speed, buf)); hang ; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("长度：")); outtextxy(_Site(x 3), _Site(y hang), numtostr(len, buf)); hang ; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("食物数量：")); outtextxy(_Site(x 5), _Site(y hang), numtostr(foodSum, buf)); hang ; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("蛇体模式：")); if (snakeBodyMod == 0) outtextxy(_Site(x 5), _Site(y hang), _T("正常")); if (snakeBodyMod == 1) outtextxy(_Site(x 5), _Site(y hang), _T("穿墙")); if (snakeBodyMod == 2) outtextxy(_Site(x 5), _Site(y hang), _T("无敌")); hang ; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("FPS：")); outtextxy((int)_Site(x 2.5), _Site(y hang), numtostr(Get_Fps(), buf)); hang ; outtextxy(_Site(x), _Site(y hang), _T("说明：（F1）")); if (help_sign == 1) { help(10, 2); } }};/** 贪吃蛇游戏* 具有蛇体数据，食物数据，蛇动作及状态，控制器，图像内容绘制，图形初始化* */class GluSnakeGame :virtual public Draw{ GluSnakeGame() { drawInit(); };public: static GluSnakeGame* gethInstance() { static GluSnakeGame Instance; return &Instance; } int drawInit() { initgraph(Map_wide, Map_height); setbkcolor(RGB(95, 183, 72)); setlinecolor(0xf4d690); settextcolor(0x0); settextstyle(16, 0, _T("Consolas")); srand((unsigned)time(NULL)); //settextcolor(BLUE); setbkmode(TRANSPARENT); // 设置文字输出模式为透明 return 0; }};/** 帧控制器*/class FRACTRL{ WCHAR* numtostr(int num) { //WCHAR* buf = new wchar_t[100]; char buf[100]; static WCHAR wbuf[100]; _itoa_s(num, buf, 50, 10); int mystringsize = (int)(strlen(buf) 1); MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, buf, -1, wbuf, mystringsize); return wbuf; } LARGE_INTEGER QueryCounter() { LARGE_INTEGER count; QueryPerformanceCounter(&count); return count; } LARGE_INTEGER QueryFrequency() { LARGE_INTEGER count; QueryPerformanceFrequency(&count); return count; } FRACTRL() {};public: static FRACTRL* gethInstance() { return &farctrl; } int triggerIndicator(int targetFps) { LARGE_INTEGER nowTime = QueryCounter(); if ((nowTime.QuadPart - timePoint.QuadPart) * 1.0 >= (tc.QuadPart / targetFps)) { timePoint = nowTime; return 1; } else return 0; } void timeController(int targetFps) { while (!triggerIndicator(targetFps))Sleep(0); } void DrawQuery(int x, int y) { outtextxy(x, y, _T("QueryFrequency:")); outtextxy(x 8 * 15, y, numtostr((int)QueryFrequency().QuadPart)); }public: LARGE_INTEGER timePoint = QueryCounter(); LARGE_INTEGER tc = QueryFrequency(); static FRACTRL farctrl;};

resource.h

//{{NO_DEPENDENCIES}}// Microsoft Visual C 生成的包含文件。// 供 贪吃蛇.rc 使用//#define IDR_WAVE1 101#define IDR_WAVE2 102#define IDR_WAVE3 103#define IDR_WAVE4 104// Next default values for new objects// #ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED#ifndef APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS#define _APS_NEXT_RESOURCE_VALUE 105#define _APS_NEXT_COMMAND_VALUE 40001#define _APS_NEXT_CONTROL_VALUE 1001#define _APS_NEXT_SYMED_VALUE 101#endif#endif

GluSnake.cpp（链表部分）

#include "GluSnake.h"FRACTRL FRACTRL::farctrl;bool SnakeBody::Creat_SnakeBody(Point site)//创建蛇体并传入蛇头坐标{ if(Snake_Body.head!=NULL)destroy_SnakeBody(); Snake_Body.head = (_SnakeBody_Link*)malloc(sizeof(_SnakeBody_Link)); //创建一个蛇体单元,定为蛇头; if (Snake_Body.head == NULL) { exit(-1); } Snake_Body.end = Snake_Body.head; //蛇尾暂时与蛇头重合 SnakeColor[Snake_Body.len ] = RGB(rand() % 256, rand() % 256, rand() % 256); //Snake_Body.len = 1; Snake_Body.head->bodyCoord = site; Snake_Body.end->bodyCoord = site; return true;}bool SnakeBody::Add_SnakeBody(Point site)//从头添加一节蛇体{ _SnakeBody_Link* newBody = (_SnakeBody_Link*)malloc(sizeof(_SnakeBody_Link)); if (newBody == NULL) { exit(-1); } newBody->bodyCoord = site; //为新蛇身坐标赋值 newBody->next = Snake_Body.head;//新的蛇体作为蛇头 newBody->last = NULL; Snake_Body.head->last = newBody; Snake_Body.head = newBody; SnakeColor[Snake_Body.len ] = RGB(rand() % 256, rand() % 256, rand() % 256); //蛇身长度加1 return 0;}bool SnakeBody::Del_SnakeBody()//从尾部删除一节蛇体{ if (Snake_Body.len < 1)return Snake_Body.len; Snake_Body.end = Snake_Body.end->last; free(Snake_Body.end->next); Snake_Body.len--; return Snake_Body.len;}void SnakeBody::destroy_SnakeBody()//销毁整个蛇体{ while (Del_SnakeBody() != 0);}Point SnakeBody::Find_SnakeBody(int len) //找到某节蛇体{ if (len > Snake_Body.len)return { -1,-1 }; _SnakeBody_Link* cur = Snake_Body.head; while (len--)cur = cur->next; return cur->bodyCoord;}void SnakeFood::Food_init(){ for (int i = 0; i < 100; i )food[i] = { 0xff,0xff };}int SnakeFood::Supple_Food(){ Point temp, newFood; for (int i = 0; i < foodSum; i ) { if (food[i].fdxy.x == 0xff && food[i].fdxy.y == 0xff) { newFood.x = rand() % PatternElement_wide; newFood.y = rand() % PatternElement_height; for (int i = 0; i < Snake_Body.len; i ) { temp = Find_SnakeBody(i); if (temp.x == newFood.x && temp.y == newFood.y) { newFood.x = rand() % PatternElement_wide; newFood.y = rand() % PatternElement_height; i = 0; } } food[i].fdxy = newFood; } } return 0;}void Draw::drawSnake(){ Point temp; COLORREF SNAKE_COLAR = GREEN; for (int i = 0; i < Snake_Body.len; i ) { temp = Find_SnakeBody(i); temp.x *= 10; temp.y *= 10; setfillcolor(SnakeColor[i]); fillrectangle(temp.x, temp.y, temp.x 10, temp.y 10); }}void Draw::drawFood(int kep){ Point temp; for (int i = 0; i <= foodSum - 1; i ) { temp = food[i].fdxy; temp.x *= 10; temp.y *= 10; if (kep == 1)food[i].color = RGB(rand() % 256, rand() % 256, rand() % 256); setfillcolor(food[i].color); // 每次重新赋予食物一个随机的颜色 fillrectangle(temp.x, temp.y, temp.x 10, temp.y 10); }}

SnakeGame.cpp

// 程序名称：贪吃蛇#include "GluSnake.h"#include "io.h"int main(){ //Draw Snake0; GluSnakeGame* GluSnake = GluSnakeGame::gethInstance(); FRACTRL* pFraCtrl = FRACTRL::gethInstance(); //FPS FpsDetector; //drawInit(); GluSnake->Snake_Init(); GluSnake->drawSnake(); GluSnake->drawFood(1); int movecout = 0; int drawcout = 0; int sign = 0; GluSnake->max_fps = 60; // 开启批量绘图，作用是避免闪烁 BeginBatchDraw(); while (1) { //Sleep(2); drawcout ; GluSnake->keyDown(); //速度控制 if (movecout >= (10 - GluSnake->Speed)) { GluSnake->Smove(GluSnake->snakeBodyMod); movecout = 0; } //存活控制 if (GluSnake->SnakeCondition == Snake_condition::survive || GluSnake->SnakeCondition == Snake_condition::ate)sign = 1; else if (sign == 1) { GluSnake->playmusicHit(0); sign = 0; } //生成食物 GluSnake->Supple_Food(); //if(drawcout >5){Snake0.SnakeColor[0] = RGB(rand() % 256, rand() % 256, rand() % 256);} //绘制 cleardevice(); GluSnake->drawSnake(); GluSnake->drawFood(((drawcout % 10) == 0)); GluSnake->drawtext({ 0,0 }); FlushBatchDraw(); static SHORT bPicture = 0; static int png_count = 0; if (!bPicture&&(bPicture = ((GetAsyncKeyState(0x7A))) ? 1 : 0)) { wchar_t buf[100]; _wfinddata_t file; do{ swprintf_s(buf, L"截图%d.png", png_count ); } while (_wfindfirst(buf, &file)!=-1); saveimage(buf); } else { bPicture = ((GetAsyncKeyState(0x7A))) ? 1 : 0; } //帧控制 pFraCtrl->timeController(GluSnake->max_fps); } EndBatchDraw(); return 0;}

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